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Management's Discussion and Analysis
- 2010 Annual Report
- Management's Discussion and Analysis
- Reports on internal control
- Consolidated Financial Statements
- Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
This section describes the non-GAAP financial measures we use in the MD&A to explain our financial results. It also provides reconciliations of the non-GAAP financial measures to the most comparable Canadian GAAP financial measures.
EBITDA
The term EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization of intangible assets) does not have any standardized meaning according to Canadian GAAP. It is therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies.
We define EBITDA as operating revenues less cost of revenue and selling, general and administrative expenses, meaning it represents operating income before depreciation, amortization of intangible assets and restructuring and other.
We use EBITDA, among other measures, to assess the operating performance of our ongoing businesses without the effects of depreciation, amortization of intangible assets and restructuring and other. We exclude these items because they affect the comparability of our financial results and could potentially distort the analysis of trends in business performance. We exclude depreciation and amortization of intangible assets because it largely depends on the accounting methods and assumptions a company uses, as well as non-operating factors such as the historical cost of capital assets. Excluding restructuring and other does not imply they are non-recurring.
EBITDA allows us to compare our operating performance on a consistent basis. We believe that certain investors and analysts use EBITDA to measure a company’s ability to service debt and to meet other payment obligations, or as a common measurement to value companies in the telecommunications industry.
The most comparable Canadian GAAP financial measure is operating income. The following tables are reconciliations of operating income to EBITDA on a consolidated basis for BCE, Bell and for our Bell Wireline and Bell Wireless segments.
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2010 | 2009 | 2008 | |||
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3,672 | 3,191 | 2,869 | |||
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3,292 | 3,371 | 3,264 | |||
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224 | 527 | 871 | |||
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7,188 | 7,089 | 7,004 | |||
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2010 | 2009 | 2008 | |||
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2,972 | 2,432 | 2,143 | |||
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2,726 | 2,804 | 2,685 | |||
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159 | 483 | 810 | |||
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5,857 | 5,719 | 5,638 | |||
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2010 | 2009 | 2008 | |||
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1,812 | 1,148 | 902 | |||
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2,169 | 2,284 | 2,193 | |||
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155 | 475 | 773 | |||
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4,136 | 3,907 | 3,868 | |||
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2010 | 2009 | 2008 | |||
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1,160 | 1,284 | 1,241 | |||
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557 | 520 | 492 | |||
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4 | 8 | 37 | |||
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1,721 | 1,812 | 1,770 | |||
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The following tables are reconciliations of operating income to EBITDA on a consolidated basis for BCE, Bell and for our Bell Wireline and Bell Wireless segments for the fourth quarter of 2010 and 2009.
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Q4 2010 | Q4 2009 | ||
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836 | 751 | ||
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856 | 904 | ||
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52 | 82 | ||
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1,744 | 1,737 | ||
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Q4 2010 | Q4 2009 | ||
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691 | 572 | ||
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715 | 758 | ||
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5 | 65 | ||
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1,411 | 1,395 | ||
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Q4 2010 | Q4 2009 | ||
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454 | 280 | ||
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566 | 622 | ||
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6 | 58 | ||
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1,026 | 960 | ||
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Q4 2010 | Q4 2009 | ||
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237 | 292 | ||
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149 | 136 | ||
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(1 | ) | 7 | |
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385 | 435 | ||
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OPERATING INCOME BEFORE RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER
The term operating income before restructuring and other does not have any standardized meaning according to Canadian GAAP. It is therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies.
We use operating income before restructuring and other, among other measures, to assess the operating performance of our ongoing businesses without the effects of restructuring and other. We exclude these items because they affect the comparability of our financial results and could potentially distort the analysis of trends in business performance. Excluding restructuring and other does not imply they are non-recurring.
The most comparable Canadian GAAP financial measure is operating income. The following tables are reconciliations of operating income to operating income before restructuring and other on a consolidated basis for BCE, Bell and our Bell Wireline and Bell Wireless segments.
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2010 | 2009 | 2008 | |||
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3,672 | 3,191 | 2,869 | |||
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224 | 527 | 871 | |||
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3,896 | 3,718 | 3,740 | |||
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2010 | 2009 | 2008 | |||
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2,972 | 2,432 | 2,143 | |||
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159 | 483 | 810 | |||
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3,131 | 2,915 | 2,953 | |||
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2010 | 2009 | 2008 | |||
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1,812 | 1,148 | 902 | |||
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155 | 475 | 773 | |||
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1,967 | 1,623 | 1,675 | |||
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2010 | 2009 | 2008 | |||
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1,160 | 1,284 | 1,241 | |||
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4 | 8 | 37 | |||
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1,164 | 1,292 | 1,278 | |||
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ADJUSTED NET EARNINGS
The terms Adjusted net earnings and Adjusted EPS do not have any standardized meaning according to Canadian GAAP. They are therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies.
We define Adjusted net earnings as net earnings before restructuring and other and net (gains) losses on investments. We define Adjusted EPS as Adjusted net earnings per BCE Inc. common share.
We use Adjusted net earnings and Adjusted EPS, among other measures, to assess the operating performance of our ongoing businesses without the effects of after-tax and non-controlling interest restructuring and other, and net (gains) losses on investments. We exclude these items because they affect the comparability of our financial results and could potentially distort the analysis of trends in business performance. Excluding these items does not imply they are non-recurring.
The most comparable Canadian GAAP financial measures are net earnings applicable to common shares and earnings per share. The following table is a reconciliation of net earnings applicable to common shares and earnings per share to Adjusted net earnings on a consolidated basis and per BCE Inc. common share (Adjusted EPS), respectively.
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2010 |
2009 |
2008 |
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TOTAL | PER SHARE | TOTAL | PER SHARE | TOTAL | PER SHARE | ||||||||
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2,165 | 2.85 | 1,631 | 2.11 | 819 | 1.02 | ||||||||
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127 | 0.17 | 339 | 0.44 | 572 | 0.71 | ||||||||
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(133 | ) | (0.18 | ) | (41 | ) | (0.05 | ) | 420 | 0.52 | ||||
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2,159 | 2.84 | 1,929 | 2.50 | 1,811 | 2.25 | ||||||||
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FREE CASH FLOW
The term free cash flow does not have any standardized meaning according to Canadian GAAP. It is therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies.
We define free cash flow as cash flows from operating activities and distributions received from Bell Aliant less capital expenditures, preferred share dividends, distributions paid by subsidiaries to non-controlling interest, other investing activities and Bell Aliant free cash flow.
We consider free cash flow to be an important indicator of the financial strength and performance of our business because it shows how much cash is available to repay debt and reinvest in our company. We present free cash flow consistently from period to period, which allows us to compare our financial performance on a consistent basis.
We believe that certain investors and analysts use free cash flow to value a business and its underlying assets.
The most comparable Canadian GAAP financial measure is cash from operating activities. The following table is a reconciliation of cash flows from operating activities to free cash flow on a consolidated basis.
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2010 | 2009 | 2008 | |||
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4,724 | 4,884 | 5,909 | |||
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291 | 291 | 290 | |||
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(2,959 | ) | (2,854 | ) | (2,986 | ) |
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(98 | ) | (89 | ) | (726 | ) |
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(108 | ) | (107 | ) | (129 | ) |
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(370 | ) | (369 | ) | (366 | ) |
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(106 | ) | (300 | ) | (303 | ) |
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1,374 | 1,456 | 1,689 | |||
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